Working principle of Ni-Cd battery
The active material of the positive electrode is nickel hydroxide and the negative electrode is cadmium. The electro-chemical process of the battery
during charging and discharging can be described as follows:
| |
The reaction of posiitive electrode |
The reaction of negative pole |
| ( negative pole) |
( positive pole) |
| Charging |
Ni(OH)2 +OH-?NiOOH+ H2O+e |
M+ H2O +e?MH+OH |
| Over charging |
4OH ?2H2O + O2+4e |
2H2O + O2+4e?4OH |
| Discharging |
NiOOH+ H2O +e?Ni(OH)2+ OH |
MH+ OH?M+ H2O +e |
| After discharging |
2H2O +2e?H2+2OH |
H2+2OH?2H2O +2e |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ni ( OH )2 +M = NiOOH + MH ± Q |
|
Battery structure
Rechargeable Ni-MH & Ni-Cd batteries are comprised of a positive electrode plate which uses nickel hydroxide as its main active material, a negative electrode plate which uses hydrogen-storage alloy (Ni-MH) or a cadmium compound (Ni-Cd) as its main active material, a separator made of a thin non-woven fabric, an alkaline electrolyte, a metal case, a sealing plate provided with a self-sealing safety valve, and other components. The positive and negative electrode plates, isolated from each other by the separator, are rolled in a spiral shape inside the case and sealed by the sealing plate by means of an insulation gasket. By making the side walls of the metal case thinner, it became possible for the battery to be lighter in weight and to have a larger internal volume than previous models.
NI-CD BATTERY SPECIFICATION
| Size |
Model No |
Nominal |
Nominal |
Dimension with tube |
Stand Charge |
| Voltage |
Capacity |
| (V) |
(mAh) |
Diameter |
Height |
Current |
Time |
| |
|
(mm) |
(mm) |
(mA) |
(h) |
| 3A |
D-1/4AAA40 |
1.2 |
40 |
10.5 |
11.5 |
4 |
15 |
| D-1/3AAA60 |
1.2 |
60 |
10.5 |
15 |
6 |
15 |
| D-2/3AAA250 |
1.2 |
250 |
10.5 |
29 |
25 |
15 |
| D-AAA300A/B |
1.2 |
300 |
10.5 |
44.5 |
30 |
15 |
| 2A |
D-1/3AA180 |
1.2 |
180 |
14.5 |
17 |
180 |
15 |
| D-2/3AA300 |
1.2 |
300 |
14.5 |
29 |
300 |
15 |
| D-2/3AA400 |
1.2 |
400 |
14.5 |
29 |
400 |
15 |
| D-4/5AA700 |
1.2 |
700 |
14.5 |
43 |
700 |
15 |
| D-AA600A/B/H |
1.2 |
600 |
14.5 |
50.5 |
600 |
15 |
| D-AA700A/B/H |
1.2 |
700 |
14.5 |
50.5 |
700 |
15 |
| D-AA900A/B/H |
1.2 |
900 |
14.5 |
50.5 |
900 |
15 |
| D-AA1000A/B |
1.2 |
1000 |
14.5 |
50.5 |
1000 |
15 |
| D-4/3AA1200 |
1.2 |
1200 |
14.5 |
65.5 |
1200 |
15 |
| A |
D-2/3A600 |
1.2 |
600 |
17 |
28 |
60 |
15 |
| D-2/3A700 |
1.2 |
700 |
17 |
28 |
70 |
15 |
| D-4/5A1100 |
1.2 |
1100 |
17 |
43 |
110 |
15 |
| D-4/5A1200 |
1.2 |
1200 |
17 |
43 |
120 |
15 |
| D-A1200 |
1.2 |
1200 |
17 |
50 |
120 |
15 |
| D-A1400 |
1.2 |
1400 |
17 |
50 |
140 |
15 |
| N |
D-N180 |
1.2 |
180 |
12 |
30 |
18 |
15 |
| 9V |
D-9V 120 |
9 |
120 |
17.5(T)*26.5(W):*48.5(H) |
12 |
15 |
| SC |
D-2/3SC700P |
1.2 |
700 |
23 |
26.5 |
70 |
15 |
| D-4/5SC1200P |
1.2 |
1200 |
23 |
34 |
120 |
15 |
| D-SC1200P/H |
1.2 |
1200 |
23 |
43 |
120 |
15 |
| D-SC1500P/H |
1.2 |
1500 |
23 |
43 |
150 |
15 |
| D-SC1800P/H |
1.2 |
1800 |
23 |
43 |
180 |
15 |
| D-SC2000P/H |
1.2 |
2000 |
23 |
43 |
200 |
15 |
| D-4/3SC2200P |
1.2 |
2200 |
23 |
50 |
220 |
15 |
| C |
D-C1200A |
1.2 |
1200 |
25.8 |
51 |
120 |
15 |
| D-C1500A |
1.2 |
1500 |
25.8 |
51 |
150 |
15 |
| D-C2000A/B/H |
1.2 |
2000 |
25.8 |
51 |
200 |
15 |
| D-C2500A/B/H |
1.2 |
2500 |
25.8 |
51 |
250 |
15 |
| D-C3000A/B/H |
1.2 |
3000 |
25.8 |
50 |
300 |
15 |
| D |
D-1/2D2400 |
1.2 |
2400 |
33 |
36.5 |
240 |
15 |
| D-D1200A |
1.2 |
1200 |
33 |
61.8 |
120 |
15 |
| D-D1500A |
1.2 |
1500 |
33 |
61.8 |
150 |
15 |
| D-D2000A |
1.2 |
2000 |
33 |
61.8 |
200 |
15 |
| D-D4000A/B/H |
1.2 |
4000 |
33 |
61.8 |
400 |
15 |
| D-D5000A/B/H |
1.2 |
5000 |
33 |
61.8 |
500 |
15 |
| D-3/2D7000H |
1.2 |
7000 |
33 |
90.5 |
700 |
15 |
| D-F7000 |
1.2 |
7000 |
33 |
90 |
700 |
15 |
| D-F9000 |
1.2 |
9000 |
33 |
90 |
900 |
15 |
| |
| Ni-Cd BUTTON CELLS TECHNICAL DATA |
| Models |
Nominal |
Nominal |
Diameter(mm) |
Height(mm) |
ChargeCurrent |
Charge Time |
Weight |
| Voltage(V) |
Capacity(mAh) |
(mA) |
(H) |
(g) |
| B12K |
1.2 |
12 |
11.6 |
3.1 |
1.2 |
14 |
1.7 |
| B30K |
1.2 |
30 |
11.6 |
5.4 |
3 |
14 |
2 |
| B60K |
1.2 |
60 |
15.2 |
6.1 |
6 |
14 |
4 |
| B120K |
1.2 |
120 |
25.6*4.1 |
5.7 |
12 |
14 |
5.7 |
| B170K |
1.2 |
170 |
25.2 |
6.4 |
17 |
14 |
6.4 |
| B280K |
1.2 |
280 |
25.2 |
8.8 |
28 |
14 |
8.8 |
| 9V-120K |
1.2 |
120 |
26.7*5.8 |
48.7 |
12 |
14 |
43 |
